The purpose of industrial dust collectors is to remove from the air all those polluting dust particles that could cause damage to human health and to the environment. Let's take a look at the different types of plants, as well as the application fields for which they are suggested.
First, let's remember the basic fact that dust collectors are divided into models:
Dry dust collectors are designed to stop, according to specific principles, the diffusion of polluted dust into the atmosphere.
This is a wide range of models that includes cyclonic, bag and cartridge filters.
The bag filters use particular elements in fabric, polyester, aramid, fibreglass or Teflon, placed inside cages and fixed to pipes, to capture dust and impurities present in the air.
This specific type of filter is usually used for companies that need medium to heavy solutions, but able to ensure excellent performance even in the presence of fine and coarse dust particles. For these reasons they are used in sandblasting, sanding, grinding, dry machining, chemical and pharmaceutical processing, foundry processes, die casting, mixing and drying processes.
Cartridge filters have a similar operating mechanism to bag filters. Instead of bag filters, the dust is blocked by a pleated cartridge filter where it remains captured, releasing clean air instead.
This type of filter is more suitable in the presence of less high concentrations of dust than bag filters, but offers significantly higher filtration performance.
Cyclonic filters are industrial purifiers without moving parts, in which the separation of dust dispersed in the atmosphere by centrifugal force takes place.
Dusty air is thus subjected to the abatement of dry particles with high specific weight and coarse dimensions present in the air in quite high concentrations. Low installation costs, zero maintenance and low pressure drops are the advantages of this type of plant.
Wet dust collectors are usually indicated where large particles are present and are almost more like humidifiers.
Here the particles are separated from the air by coming into contact with water screens or wet surfaces. The wet particles saturate the environment and incorporate the solid particles, making it easier to separate them from the air.
These are particularly suitable in the presence of dangerous and aggressive dust, as it is possible to use acid or basic reagents for filtration in order to neutralize the respective harmful components present.